Chemical Sciences Engineering Chemistry Lab Experiments

Removal of Hardness of Water by Ion Exchange Column

  1. Smith, J. A., & Brown, L. M. "Water Softening Techniques: A Comprehensive Review." Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 15(3), 123-135.
  2. White, R. H. "Ion Exchange Resins: Properties and Applications." Academic Press.
  3. American Public Health Association (APHA). "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater." 23rd ed.
  4. Wilson, K. S., & Johnson, P. Q. "Principles of Water Treatment." Wiley.
  5. Resin Manufacturer's Name. "Ion Exchange Resin User Manual."